Sanskrit Pratyayas List

प्रत्यय (Pratyaya)	Transliteration	Meaning / Usage	Example	Translation
त	ta	Past tense suffix (Perfect tense)	पठत	He read
क्त	kta	Past participle suffix	कृत	Done
अन	ana	Forms adjectives or agent nouns	शान्त	Calm, peaceful
व	va	Denotes causation or agent	द्रव्यव	One who provides substance
ण	ṇa	Agent or object noun form	द्रव्य	Substance
इ	i	Denotes action or quality	सुखि	Happy
अ	a	Forms adjectives	सप्त	Seven
म	ma	Negation or absence	अकुर्वत	Did not do
न	na	Negation or absence of action	नाशय	Destruction
य	ya	Creates adjectives from roots	स्वाभाविक	Natural
पद	pada	Denotes a specific action or state	उत्पन्न	Born, created
तुमुन्	tumun	Potential or future action	पठतु	Let him read
क	ka	Agent or object	शिक्षक	Teacher
ण	ṇa	Noun for agent or instrument	शान्ति	Peace
म	ma	Negation or absence	मातृम	Not mother
कृ	kṛ	Verb root for 'to do/make'	करोति	He does
य	ya	Forms adjectives, indicating 'who is doing something'	विजेता	Winner
अणु	aṇu	Used for smallness or diminutive forms	अणुः	Small
सक	saka	Indicates capability or tendency	हर्षसक	Likely to be happy
किय	kiya	Indicates the extent of something	विकिय	Large
इय	iya	Adjectival form	लघुय	Smaller
उत	uta	Past tense or perfect participle	उत्पन्न	Born, created
क्तव	ktava	Past active participle	कृतव	Having done
तुम्	tum	Potential mood suffix	पठतुम्	To read
इष	iṣa	Desire or purpose suffix	पठिष	Desiring to read
अन	ana	Verbal noun suffix	पठना	Reading
अल	ala	Frequentative suffix	चलल	Moving frequently
इष्य	iṣya	Future suffix	पठिष्यति	Will read
अलु	alu	Frequentative or iterative	चललु	Moving repeatedly
इत	ita	Past participle	गतित	Gone
क्त	kta	Past passive participle	लिखित	Written
यत	yata	Completed action suffix	गतयत	Completed going
व	va	Denotes agent or causative	द्रव्यव	One who provides substance
त्व	tva	Abstract noun suffix	सत्य	Truth
इ	i	Adjectival suffix	सुन्दरि	Beautiful (female)
क	ka	Agentive suffix	शिक्षक	Teacher
ऋ	ṛ	Verb root or causative suffix	कृ	To do
म	ma	Negation suffix	मृग	Deer
इ	i	Feminine suffix	सती	Virtuous woman
य	ya	Adjectival suffix	देवय	Divine
अम्	am	Instrumental suffix	मन्त्र	Mantra
अन	an	Noun suffix	गमन	Going
इन्	in	Verbal suffix	चलिन्	Moving
अन्	an	Abstract noun suffix	शान्ति	Peace
अणु	aṇu	Diminutive suffix	अणुः	Small
ई	ī	Feminine suffix	लक्ष्मी	Goddess Lakshmi
ईय	īya	Feminine adjectival suffix	लघुयी	Smaller (female)
आ	ā	Feminine suffix	कुमारी	Maiden
उस	usa	Noun suffix	पक्षी	Bird
इय	iya	Adjectival suffix	सारथि	Charioteer